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What is shock absorber tube or front suspension tube?
1. What is Shock Absorber Tube?
The shock absorber tube is a suspension system installed at the front of a motorcycle, designed to absorb shocks and vibrations encountered during riding. It improves the ride comfort and stability by reducing the impact and jolts experienced by the front of the vehicle, especially on uneven surfaces. Typically, the Shock Absorber Tube comprises components such as the front forks, springs, and dampers.
2. What Type of Steel Tubes are Commonly Used in Shock Absorber Tube?
The steel tubes commonly used in Shock Absorber Tube are often processed using the DOM (Drawn Over Mandrel) method. DOM steel tubes are welded and cold-drawn tubes, manufactured by gradually stretching the tubes inner diameter to its outer diameter, ensuring consistent dimensions and smooth surface finish. This manufacturing process is suitable for producing high-precision tubes required for Shock Absorber Tube systems.
3. Detailed Introduction of Common Steel Tube Grades Used in Shock Absorber Tube:
a. SAE 1020 Carbon Steel:
- Features: Low carbon steel with a carbon content of about 0.20%. It possesses good weldability, machinability, and mechanical properties. Suitable for general-purpose suspension manufacturing, it is relatively cost-effective.
|
Element |
Chemical Composition (%) |
|
Carbon (C) |
0.18 - 0.23 |
|
Manganese (Mn) |
0.30 - 0.60 |
|
Phosphorus (P) |
≤ 0.04 |
|
Sulfur (S) |
≤ 0.05 |
|
Mechanical Property |
Value |
|
Tensile Strength (MPa) |
≥ 410 |
|
Yield Strength (MPa) |
≥ 245 |
|
Elongation (%) |
≥ 25 (in 2 inches) |
b. SAE 4130 Alloy Steel:
- Features: Contains chromium and molybdenum alloy elements, offering good strength, toughness, and corrosion resistance. Suitable for applications requiring high strength and corrosion resistance in suspension manufacturing.
|
Element |
Chemical Composition (%) |
|
Carbon (C) |
0.28 - 0.33 |
|
Manganese (Mn) |
0.40 - 0.60 |
|
Phosphorus (P) |
≤ 0.035 |
|
Sulfur (S) |
≤ 0.040 |
|
Silicon (Si) |
0.15 - 0.35 |
|
Chromium (Cr) |
0.80 - 1.10 |
|
Molybdenum (Mo) |
0.15 - 0.25 |
|
Property |
Value |
|
Tensile Strength (MPa) |
560 - 685 |
|
Yield Strength (MPa, 0.2% offset) |
460 - 590 |
|
Elongation (%) at Break |
20 - 30 |
|
Hardness (Brinell, HB) |
156 - 207 |
c. SAE 4140 Alloy Steel:
- Features: Contains higher carbon content, along with chromium and molybdenum alloy elements, providing higher strength, hardness, and wear resistance. Suitable for suspension manufacturing with demanding performance requirements.
|
Element |
Chemical Composition (%) |
|
Carbon (C) |
0.38 - 0.43 |
|
Manganese (Mn) |
0.75 - 1.00 |
|
Phosphorus (P) |
≤ 0.035 |
|
Sulfur (S) |
≤ 0.040 |
|
Silicon (Si) |
0.15 - 0.35 |
|
Chromium (Cr) |
0.80 - 1.10 |
|
Molybdenum (Mo) |
0.15 - 0.25 |
|
Property |
Value |
|
Tensile Strength (MPa) |
655 - 950 |
|
Yield Strength (MPa, 0.2% offset) |
415 - 725 |
|
Elongation (%) at Break |
16 - 20 |
|
Hardness (Brinell, HB) |
197 - 302 |
d. AISI 4340 Alloy Steel:
- Features: Medium carbon alloy steel containing chromium, nickel, and other alloy elements, offering extremely high strength, toughness, and fatigue strength. Suitable for suspension manufacturing with exceptionally high strength and durability requirements.
|
Element |
Chemical Composition (%) |
|
Carbon (C) |
0.38 - 0.43 |
|
Manganese (Mn) |
0.60 - 0.80 |
|
Phosphorus (P) |
≤ 0.035 |
|
Sulfur (S) |
≤ 0.040 |
|
Silicon (Si) |
0.15 - 0.35 |
|
Nickel (Ni) |
1.65 - 2.00 |
|
Chromium (Cr) |
0.70 - 0.90 |
|
Molybdenum (Mo) |
0.20 - 0.30 |
|
Property |
Value |
|
Tensile Strength (MPa) |
745 - 1000 |
|
Yield Strength (MPa, 0.2% offset) |
470 - 745 |
|
Elongation (%) at Break |
14 - 24 |
|
Hardness (Brinell, HB) |
217 - 293 |
4. Characteristics and Advantages of Shock Absorber Steel Tube:
These commonly used steel tube grades in Shock Absorber Tube manufacturing offer the following characteristics and advantages:
- High Strength and Durability: These steel tubes provide excellent strength and durability, capable of withstanding impacts and pressures encountered during riding.
- Good Machinability: These tubes exhibit good machinability, suitable for various manufacturing processes, meeting the requirements of different suspension designs.
- Corrosion Resistance: Some alloy steels offer good corrosion resistance, extending the suspensions service life.
- Weight Reduction Design: Lightweight designs can be achieved through appropriate design, improving fuel efficiency and handling.
- Cost-effectiveness: As commonly used and relatively inexpensive materials, these steel tubes provide cost-effective solutions for suspension manufacturing.
5. Additional Information About Motorcycle Front Suspension Tube
The motorcycle front suspension tube is an essential component of the motorcycle suspension system, primarily responsible for absorbing and dampening the impact force generated when the front wheel hits the ground, providing riders with a comfortable riding experience.
Front suspension tubes are typically made of high-strength steel, with outer diameters usually ranging from 25 to 50 millimeters and wall thicknesses around 1.5 to 3.5 millimeters. The surface of the tubes is usually passivated or chrome-plated to enhance wear resistance and corrosion resistance.
High-quality front suspension tubes require precision manufacturing to ensure smooth inner walls, high dimensional accuracy, and excellent impact resistance. Some well-known motorcycle brands may choose high-quality steel tubes from countries such as Japan and Germany to manufacture front suspension systems.
Motorcycle front suspension tube
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