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Pressure tube|Pressure tubing
What is Pressure Tube?
1. Definition and Classification of Pressure Tubes
- Definition: Pressure Tubes are used to withstand internal or external pressure, typically for the transmission of liquids or gases.
- Classification:
- By Material:
- Carbon Steel Pressure Tubes: Commonly used in the petroleum, chemical, and power industries.
- Stainless Steel Pressure Tubes: Known for excellent corrosion resistance, used in chemical and food industries.
- Alloy Steel Pressure Tubes: Used in high-temperature and high-pressure environments, such as power station boilers.
- Plastic Pressure Tubes: Such as PVC and PE Tubes, mainly used in municipal water supply and drainage systems.
- By Manufacturing Process:
- Seamless Pressure Tubes: Manufactured by hot rolling, cold drawing, etc., typically used in high-pressure environments.
- Welded Pressure Tubes: Including spiral welded Tubes and straight seam welded Tubes, suitable for medium and low pressure environments.
2. Materials and Manufacturing Processes
- Carbon Steel Pressure Tubes:
- Materials: Q235, Q345, 20# steel, etc.
- Processes: Hot-rolled seamless steel Tubes, cold-drawn seamless steel Tubes, straight seam welded steel Tubes, etc.
- Stainless Steel Pressure Tubes:
- Materials: 304, 316L, 321, etc.
- Processes: Both welded and seamless processes, with seamless processes including hot rolling and cold drawing, and welding processes including TIG welding, laser welding, etc.
- Alloy Steel Pressure Tubes:
- Materials: Cr-Mo alloy steel, Cr-Ni alloy steel, etc.
- Processes: Heat treatment, welding, and other special processes to enhance high-temperature and high-pressure performance.
- Plastic Pressure Tubes:
- Materials: PVC, PE, PP, etc.
- Processes: Extrusion molding, connection methods including hot melt welding, electrofusion welding, etc.
3. Performance and Characteristics
- Carbon Steel Pressure Tubes: High strength and plasticity, but poor corrosion resistance, usually requires anti-corrosion coating.
- Stainless Steel Pressure Tubes: Excellent corrosion resistance, suitable for transporting corrosive media, and stable performance at high temperatures.
- Alloy Steel Pressure Tubes: Outstanding performance in high-temperature and high-pressure conditions, suitable for special environments such as boilers and high-temperature heat exchangers.
- Plastic Pressure Tubes: Lightweight, corrosion-resistant, easy to install, but poor high-temperature resistance, mainly used in municipal and domestic water supply systems.
4. Standards and Regulations
- ASME B31.3: Process piping standard, applicable to pressure piping in chemical and petrochemical plants.
- GB/T 9711: Chinese standard for Tubeline transportation systems in the petroleum and natural gas industries.
- API 5L: Standard for Tubes used in the petroleum and natural gas industries, covering manufacturing and testing requirements for steel Tubes.
- EN 10216: European standard for seamless steel Tubes for pressure purposes.
5. Application Areas
- Oil and Gas: Used for transporting crude oil, natural gas, etc., requiring high pressure resistance and corrosion resistance.
- Chemical and Pharmaceutical: Used for transporting chemical media and pharmaceutical liquids, requiring high purity and corrosion resistance.
- Power and Energy: Such as boiler Tubes and heat exchanger Tubes, requiring high temperature and high pressure resistance.
- Municipal Engineering: Such as urban water supply and drainage Tubes, requiring corrosion resistance and easy installation.
6. Safety and Testing
- Non-destructive Testing: Including ultrasonic testing, X-ray testing, magnetic particle testing, etc., to ensure Tube quality.
- Pressure Testing: Hydrostatic testing, pneumatic testing, to verify the safety of Tubes under design pressure.
- Regular Inspection: Regular inspections and maintenance during operation to prevent leaks and accidents.
Pressure Tube Name, Standard and Material Grade
|
TRADE NAME |
WELDED ASTM/ASME |
SEAMLESS ASTM/ASME |
|
Carbon and Alloy |
A/SA-214, A/SA-178 (A, C, D) |
A/SA-179, A/SA-192, A/SA-213 (T5, T9, T11, T22) |
|
Low-Temp Carbon |
A/SA-334 (1, 3, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11) |
A/SA-334 (1, 3, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11) |
|
Seamless Medium Carbon |
|
A/SA-210 (A-1, C) |
|
Carbon Feedwater Heater |
|
A/SA-213 (T11, T22), A/SA-556 (A2, B2, C2) |
|
Austenitic Stainless |
A/SA-249 (TP 304, 304L, 309, 310, 316, 316L, 317, 321, 347), A/SA 688 |
A/SA-213 (TP 304, 304L, 309, 310, 316, 316L, 317, 321, 347) |
|
Ferritic Stainless |
A/SA-268 (TP 409, 430, 439, 410), A/SA 803 |
A/SA-268 (TP 409, 430, 439) |
|
Superferritic |
A/SA-268, AL29-4C®, 446-Mod |
|
|
Duplex Stainless |
A/SA-789, LDX 2101®, ATI 2003®, 2102™, 2205, 2507 |
A-789, 2205, 2507 |
|
Titanium |
B-338 (1, 2, 7, 12, 16) |
B-338 (1, 2, 7, 12, 16) |
|
Alloy C276 |
B-626 |
B-622 |
|
Admiralty 443 Brass |
B-543 |
B-111 |
|
90/10 Cu-Ni |
B-543 |
B-111 |
|
70/30 Cu-Ni |
B-543 |
B-111 |
|
Alloy 825 |
B-704 |
B-163 |
|
Alloy 800 |
B-515 |
B-163 |
|
Alloy 625 |
B-704 |
B-444 |
|
Alloy 600 |
B-516 |
B-163 |
|
Alloy 400 |
B-730 |
B-163 |
|
Alloy 200 |
B-730 |
B-163 |
|
Alloy 20 |
B-468 |
B-729 |
Pressure Tubing Range of Sizes,
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OUTSIDE DIAMETER |
WALL THICKNESS |
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mm |
1.2 |
1.5 |
1.7 |
1.8 |
2.1 |
2.4 |
2.7 |
2.8 |
3.0 |
3.4 |
3.8 |
4.0 |
4.2 |
4.8 |
5.2 |
5.6 |
6.4 |
7.1 |
8.0 |
8.3 |
8.7 |
9.5 |
11.1 |
|
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|
in |
0.049 |
0.060 |
0.065 |
0.072 |
0.083 |
0.095 |
0.105 |
0.109 |
0.120 |
0.134 |
0.150 |
0.156 |
0.165 |
0.180 |
0.203 |
0.219 |
0.250 |
0.281 |
0.313 |
0.325 |
0.344 |
0.375 |
0.438 |
|
12.7 |
0.500 |
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15.9 |
0.625 |
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19.1 |
0.750 |
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22.2 |
0.875 |
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25.4 |
1.000 |
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31.8 |
1.250 |
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38.1 |
1.500 |
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41.3 |
1.625 |
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42.2 |
1.660 |
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44.5 |
1.750 |
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48.3 |
1.900 |
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50.8 |
2.000 |
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57.2 |
2.250 |
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60.3 |
2.375 |
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63.5 |
2.500 |
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69.9 |
2.750 |
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• |
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73.0 |
2.875 |
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• |
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76.2 |
3.000 |
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82.6 |
3.250 |
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88.9 |
3.500 |
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101.6 |
4.000 |
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114.3 |
4.500 |
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127.0 |
5.000 |
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139.7 |
5.500 |
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